Analytical modeling of the instantaneous maximal transvalvular pressure gradient in aortic stenosis.

Analytical modeling of the instantaneous pressure gradient across the aortic valve.

Aortic stenosis is the most frequent valvular heart disease. The mean systolic value of the transvalvular pressure gradient (TPG) is commonly utilized during clinical examination to evaluate its severity and it can be determined either by cardiac catheterization or by Doppler echocardiography. TPG is highly time-dependent over systole and is known to depend upon the transvalvular flow rate, the...

COVA (cardiac output valve area): a reliable method for determining aortic transvalvular pressure gradients that does not use phase contrast imaging

Background Echocardiography is often used to quantify the transvalvular pressure gradient in patients with aortic stenosis. Velocity-encoded MRI is alternative method for quantifying the aortic transvalvular pressure gradient. However, the acquisition of additional phase-contrast images is time consuming and the analysis can be technically difficult. We report on the results from a new method, ...

Assessment of the transvalvular pressure gradient in aortic stenosis.

Paradoxical Low-Flow, Low-Gradient Aortic Stenosis

Low-flow, low-gradient aortic stenosis (AS) is a highly challenging condition in terms of diagnosis and therapeutic management. The transvalvular pressure gradient is inversely related to the square of aortic valve area (AVA) and directly related to the square of flow. Hence, a patient with severe AS may nonetheless present with a low gradient if his or her left ventricular (LV) output is reduc...

Noninvasive Prediction of Transvalvular Pressure Gradient in Patients with Pulmonary Stenosis by Quantitative Iwo-dimensional Echocardiographic Doppler Studies

Recent studies suggest that maximal Doppler velocities measured within the jets that form downstream from stenotic valves can be used to predict aortic valve gradients. To test whether the Doppler method would be useful for evaluation and management of pediatric patients with right ventricular outflow obstruction, we evaluated pulmonary artery flow before catheterization in 16 children with pul...